Collective Organizational Citizen Behavior -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Collective Organizational Citizen Behavior? Answer: Introducation The essay aims at focusing on the organizational behavior in the perspective of an organizational setting. Organizational Behavior refers to the study of the behavior of people both at an individual level and within formal and informal groups. The performance of every operations depends on the motivational level of its employees and the ability and willingness of people in working harmoniously toward a common goal. In other words, organizational behavior acts as an interface between organization and human behavior. Each individual contributes unique set of characteristics, personal background and experiences that they have gathered in other organizations. Manager must consider the unique aspect of individuals and put them forward in a work setting. The essay put forward discussion on the various theories of organizational behavior in an organizational setting. The essay also evaluates organizational problem situations and discusses the proactive managerial intervention based on cultu ral, ethical and social concern. The essay also focuses on comparing and criticizing the findings on the current developments of organizational behavior. There are various theories of organizational behavior that can be applied organizational setting. This theory includes classical organization theory, neo classical organization theory, contingency theory and the systems theory (Gagn, Sharmaand De Massis2014). Classical theory represents a combination of scientific management theory, administrative theory and the bureaucratic theory. The scientific management theory represented four basic principles. This includes the best way of performing the task, carefully matching each worker to each task, closely supervising workers and using punishment and reward as motivators and ensures control and planning. The theory of scientific management proved successful not in industrialized companies but also in modernized companies. The administrative theory focused on the establishment of universal management principles that is applicable to most organizations. The classical theory on the other hand is mechanistic and rigid. However, the major defi ciency of this theory was the explanation of the motivation of the people in working strictly as functions of economic reward (Miner2015). The neoclassical organization theory tried to address many problems that were inherent to the classical theory. This theory helps in displaying genuine concern for the needs of the human beings. According to the neoclassical organization theory, organization is defined as a system that helps in consciously coordinating activities (Young et al. 2014). This theory also stresses on the role of executive in creating a cohesive environment. As per this, theory, the managers authority defined by the acceptance of the subordinates and not by the hierarchical power structure of any organization. The Contingency Theory aims at focusing on the fact that conflict is manageable but inescapable (Battilanaand Casciaro2012). A study on four large corporations of United States proposed that organization would evolve naturally for meeting the needs of the strategy implemented. An organization however acts in a linear, sequential and rational manner for adapting to the environmental changes. Highly volatile organizations stresses on the importance of managers for making decisions at all the authority level. According to this theory, managers need to be free for making contingent decisions on the present situations. The Systems theory puts across the fact that there is an interrelation between all components of an organization and hence the change of a single variable might directly influence the others (Curtain and Zwart 2012). Most organizations are open systems that economics continuous interaction. However, as the organization adapt to environmental changes they remain in a dynamic equilibrium state. The system theory has a central theme that represents existence of non-linear relationships between variables. Thus, smaller changes in one of the variable lead to bigger changes in another. The nonlinearity concept adds complexity to the understanding of an organization. This nonlinearity makes it difficult in understanding the relationships between the variables. There are various issues and dilemmas in an organizational setting. and it ranges from simple disagreement to most complicated issues that influence the bottom line in a negative way. Understanding various problems in workplace helps in identifying and correcting them. Internal conflict is one the problem situations in an organization. Internal conflict may take place because of various reasons (Fordand Richardson2013). These include denial of promotion or pay hike, misunderstandings resulting from lack of proper communication, harassment by managers, supervisors or peers.Problem situations in organization might result in ethical issues. These includes, price breaks and discounts beyond the company practice and policy, unfair practices and employee theft. Team Dynamics also plays a major role in breaking or making a project or initiative of the business. The members of the team may try in promoting own agenda or take credibility for the work done by the other team members. Teamwork a lso ensures challenges in the form of differing ideas and views. This might pose a hindrance in reaching a workable solution in addition to creating distractions (Belbin2012). Problems in an organization may be due to leadership problems where most supervisors, managers and leaders refuse to follow the rules as most of the employees. This might have an in negative influence in the culture of the workplace. Workplace problems might also result from absence of company handbook that put forward procedures and policies. This results in lack of control and lack of continuity in the workplace direction. Formulation of Proactive Managerial Intervention helps the managers in effectively perform their duties (Branch, Ramsayand Barker 2013). Thus, understanding organizational behaviour help the managers in better understanding the behaviour of others in an organization. For instance, managers in an organization are responsible directly for the work related behaviour of other people and their subordinates. However, the typical managerial activities in this particular realm included employee motivation for working harder, ensuring proper design of the jobs of employees, conflict resolution, performance evaluation and helping workers for setting goals for achieving rewards. The organizational behavioural field is abounded with research and models that are relevant to each of the activities and ensures valuable insight. Managers can use the knowledge of organizational behaviour for understanding their own motives, needs, feelings and behaviour that helps them in improving the decision-making capabilities, better communicate, ensure stress control and comprehend how the dynamics of the career unfolds(Nielsen2013). The managers proactively intervene in dealing with the problem situations through the process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling. Planning refers to the process of determining the desired future position of an organization and the best possible means of reaching there. Organizing refers to the process of grouping jobs in units, designing jobs and establishing the patters of authority between the units and the jobs. Leading refers to getting the member of the organization for working towards the goals of the organization. Lastly, controlling refers to monitoring and correcting the actions of the organization and the members and keeping them directed towards a common goal. According to the current developments of organizational behaviour, researchers and managers using the ideas and concept of organizational behaviour should be able to able to recognize that it has a descriptive nature and interdisciplinary focus. The concept of organizational behaviour draws concepts from a number of other fields and attempts in describing behaviour instead of focusing on how behaviour is changed in predictable and consistent manner (Shin2012). The interdisciplinary focus shows how organizational behaviour helps in synthesizing other fields of study. In this context, the greatest contribution happens from the field of psychology referred as organizational psychology. Organizational psychology is a field of study where psychologists deal specifically with peoples behaviour in an organizational setting. However, this field of study also includes motivation and individual difference. Recently, medicine plays a key role in studying the human behaviour at work that especia lly involves the area of stress. Increasing amount of research has shown that controlling the consequences and causes of stress is an organizational setting is necessary for the well-being of the organization and the individual. Organizational behaviour has a descriptive nature because the prevalent immaturity of the field of study, inherent complexities in studying off the human behaviour and the lack of reliable, valid and accepted measures and definitions. Since the behavioural processes pervade the managerial roles and functions, therefore a proper understanding of the field significantly helps the managers in various ways (Harmsand Luthans 2012). There are several central concepts to the organizational behaviour categorized into individual processes, organizational characteristics and process and interpersonal process. There are several contextual perspectives of organizational behaviour that includes the contingency and system perspectives and situational perspective. According to the contingency and system perspectives, an organization is designed to receive four types of inputs that include, material, human, informational and financial(Sageer, Rafatand Agarwal2012). The managers of the organization then transforms and combines these inputs return them as services or products, profits or losses and employee behaviour. The situational perspective on the other hand shows that outcomes and situations influenced by the other variables. The essay concludes by analysing the findings of the current development of organizational behaviour. There are also discussions on the proactive managerial intervention and evaluation of organizational problem situations. The essay also puts forward a discussion on the theories of organizational behaviour on an organisational setting. Organizational behavioural study holds an importance since it has an influence over the lives of the people. This also have a direct relation to the management of the organization since managers requires a better comprehension of themselves and others at the different levels. References: Battilana, J. and Casciaro, T., 2012. Change agents, networks, and institutions: A contingency theory of organizational change.Academy of Management Journal,55(2), pp.381-398. Belbin, R.M., 2012.Team roles at work. Routledge. Branch, S., Ramsay, S. and Barker, M., 2013. Workplace bullying, mobbing and general harassment: A review.International Journal of Management Reviews,15(3), pp.280-299. 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